What is Self-Plagiarism?
Self-plagiarism during your studies - a guide
What is self-plagiarism?
Self-plagiarism refers to the reuse of one's own previously submitted academic texts without appropriate identification. Unlike classic plagiarism, there is no copyright infringement as you are using your own texts. Nevertheless, it is an attempt to deceive because the impression of a new, independent achievement is created.
Why is self-plagiarism problematic?
Every examination in a degree course should represent an independent academic examination of a specific topic. The reuse of previously assessed work undermines this fundamental purpose of the examination. Universities save submitted work and compare it during plagiarism checks - even slight text modifications are recognized.
When does self-plagiarism begin?
Self-plagiarism occurs as soon as text passages, results or sections from a previously submitted piece of work are used in a new examination without this being clearly marked. This applies regardless of whether the previous work was published or not.
Consequences
The sanctions range from deduction of points to failing the examination to exmatriculation. In the case of final theses, the academic degree may even be subsequently revoked - without a limitation period.
How do you avoid self-plagiarism?
- Transparency: Identify any citations of your own texts by quoting them correctly
- Additional work: Build on previous work, but provide recognizable new insights
- Agreement: Clarify the use of your own preliminary work with your supervisor in advance
- Self-check: Use plagiarism software to check before submission
Permitted use of your own preliminary work
You may use your own texts if:
- They are correctly marked as a self-citation
- A clear additional contribution or new insight is recognizable
- The supervisor has been informed and has given their consent
- Reference is made to the use in the foreword
Recommendation
The independence of each examination paper is a cornerstone of academic integrity. Treat your own previous work like external sources: with complete transparency and correct citation. If you are unsure, make use of the advice offered by your faculty or contact your supervisor.
This guide is based on the DFG's principles of good research practice and common practice at German universities. Please also observe the specific examination regulations of your degree program.